CS Skills Assessments and CS Terms - Getting Started: Difference between pages

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This page links to lists of skills/knowledge that are needed as you move through the CS courses at ISU. The lists here are not "everything" you are supposed to master and remember, but rather are the most important parts for future courses.
[https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/ap-computer-science-principles Khan Academy AP CS Principles] and [https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science Khan Academy Computing] are good resources to learn and refresh some of this information.


=Core Courses=
=Storage=
The following are skill assessments for core CS courses that are prerequisites for other CS courses. Note that the skills/knowledge listed for a course (e.g., CS 151) should be ''retained'' for courses that use that course (e.g., CS 151) as a prerequisite.
* bit is 0 or 1, stands for “binary digit”
* [[CS 101 - Key Skills]] - ''coming soon''
* byte is 8 bits, written for example like 1001 0101
* [[CS 151 - Key Skills]]
* B - abbreviation for byte
* [[CS 201 - Key Skills]] - ''coming soon''
* b - abbreviation for bit
* [[CS 202 - Key Skills]] - ''coming soon''
* KB - kilobyte, 1000 bytes
* [[CS 303 - Key Skills]] - ''coming soon''
* MB - megabyte, 1 million bytes
* GB - gigabyte, 1 billion bytes
* TB - terabyte, 1 trillion bytes
 
=Base systems=
* Able to convert between decimal, binary, hexadecimal, octal
* 15 = 1111 binary = F hex
* 255 = 1111 1111 binary = FF hex
* unsigned 8 bit integer ranges from 0 to 255
* signed 8 bit integer is between -128 and 127
* unsigned 32 bit integer ranges from 0 to 2<sup>32</sup>-1, about 4 billion
* signed 32 bit integer ranges from -2<sup>31</sup> to 2<sup>31</sup>-1, about +/-2 billion
* unsigned k bit integer at most 2<sup>k</sup>-1
 
=Computer components=
* RAM - random access memory. The kind of memory used in computers, random access means any part of memory can be accessed without having to look at the rest of memory (same amount of time to look up any part of RAM).
* Hard drive / Hard disk - one of the two main long-term storage used in most computers.  Physically, data is stored on magnetic platters that spin around very fast (spinning much like CD/DVD/record players)
* Solid state drive - the other main long-term storage used in most computers.  Physically, data is normally stored in flash memory.  SSDs are typically faster than HDDs but more expensive and have different error behavior. 
* CPU - central processing unit - the part of the computer that is "in charge".  Executes programs that are in "machine code".
* input devices - used to bring data into the computer - hard drive, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, modem
* output devices - computer sends data out to these - hard drive, screen, printer

Revision as of 02:26, 7 January 2020

Khan Academy AP CS Principles and Khan Academy Computing are good resources to learn and refresh some of this information.

Storage

  • bit is 0 or 1, stands for “binary digit”
  • byte is 8 bits, written for example like 1001 0101
  • B - abbreviation for byte
  • b - abbreviation for bit
  • KB - kilobyte, 1000 bytes
  • MB - megabyte, 1 million bytes
  • GB - gigabyte, 1 billion bytes
  • TB - terabyte, 1 trillion bytes

Base systems

  • Able to convert between decimal, binary, hexadecimal, octal
  • 15 = 1111 binary = F hex
  • 255 = 1111 1111 binary = FF hex
  • unsigned 8 bit integer ranges from 0 to 255
  • signed 8 bit integer is between -128 and 127
  • unsigned 32 bit integer ranges from 0 to 232-1, about 4 billion
  • signed 32 bit integer ranges from -231 to 231-1, about +/-2 billion
  • unsigned k bit integer at most 2k-1

Computer components

  • RAM - random access memory. The kind of memory used in computers, random access means any part of memory can be accessed without having to look at the rest of memory (same amount of time to look up any part of RAM).
  • Hard drive / Hard disk - one of the two main long-term storage used in most computers. Physically, data is stored on magnetic platters that spin around very fast (spinning much like CD/DVD/record players)
  • Solid state drive - the other main long-term storage used in most computers. Physically, data is normally stored in flash memory. SSDs are typically faster than HDDs but more expensive and have different error behavior.
  • CPU - central processing unit - the part of the computer that is "in charge". Executes programs that are in "machine code".
  • input devices - used to bring data into the computer - hard drive, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, modem
  • output devices - computer sends data out to these - hard drive, screen, printer
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